Thanks for the A2A.
The way you do it depends on the Linux distribution you want to install. But otherwise it’s quite simple to accomplish.
While installing Linux, you need to use the manual HDD settings to put Linux on the HDD.
On Arch it’s console work and manual mounting. Manjaro has a section in the installer, where you can literally choose to either use the whole hard disk or manually configure hard disk settings. Not sure about options with more than one hard drive though. But should be quite similar. You’d usually use the manual settings. With Ubuntu and Linux Mint for example, last time I checked, you would find an option “Something Else” in the according section.
In the dialog you are going to see a list of available drives and partitions. So, you just need to make sure, you put Linux on the right drives and partitions.
In the same dialog you would usually find the setting for the boot manager and where to put it.
As far as the boot loader and boot manager goes, you can actually choose, wether you want to put it on the SSD or the HDD. That doesn’t really matter. You just have to make sure, that the BIOS then is going to boot from the according drive. So, if you put the boot loader and boot manager on the HDD too, you need to change the BIOS settings and boot from HDD.
I would suggest, that you actually do put Grub on the HDD. The reason for that is, that you can actually pull both drives and use them individually in case. Because the boot manager doesn’t care, if the second hard drive is there, until you actually choose to boot from Windows. And Grub doesn’t touch the Windows boot loader. So, if you pull the HDD, you can still boot Windows as standalone.
Once that is done, beginner-friendly options like Manjaro or Ubuntu should recognize other operating systems like Windows and add them to the boot manager automatically. If it doesn’t, just find the Grub page of the Arch Wiki and look in the dual boot section. There you will find the manual for manually adding the according settings to your grub.cfg.